ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Yielding and Heavy Metals Accumulation in the Biomass of Grass Cultivated in Substrata with the Participation of Municipal Sewage Sludge and Green Waste Compost
Teodor Kitczak1, Anna Kiepas-Kokot2, Henryk Czyż1
 
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1Western Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Soil Science,
Grassland Science and Environmental, 71-434 Szczecin, ul. Słowackiego 17, Poland
2Western Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Ecology, Environmental
Protection and Development, 71-434 Szczecin, ul. Słowackiego 17, Poland
 
 
Submission date: 2015-11-06
 
 
Final revision date: 2016-04-21
 
 
Acceptance date: 2016-04-22
 
 
Publication date: 2016-10-05
 
 
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2016;25(5):2009-2014
 
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ABSTRACT
During a six-year study on the influence of sewage sludge and green waste compost (in a dose of 20 Mg TS∙ha-1) on yielding and heavy metals accumulation, Festuca arundinacea lawn mixture was used, consisting of 60% Festuca arundinacea of type Asterix + 15% Poa pratensis of type Opal + 15% Festuca rubra of type Areta + 10% Lolium perenne of type Pimperal. The subject of the study was the effect of these materials on yielding, changes in species composition of the sward, and the contents of copper, nickel, lead, and zinc in the aboveground parts of plants. The materials varied according to the fertilizing value and heavy metals content. Sewage sludge was rich in fertilizing components but also highly contaminated with heavy metals. Green waste compost contained large amounts of sand and the content of metals was slightly higher than in the subsoil to which it had been incorporated. The studied materials were found to have a stimulative effect on yielding plants. Yields obtained under the influence of sewage sludge and compost were similar. Changes in the species composition of the sward were connected to the durability of particular grass species used in the mixture. Despite the varied loads of heavy metals that were incorporated into soil with the used materials, they did not cause any significant increase of metals content in substratum, with the exclusion of copper incorporated into soil with sludge. Loads of metals incorporated into soil with sludge caused a significant increase of nickel and zinc in the aboveground parts of grass compared to the content of these metals in other variants of the experiment. The study found varied levels of metals uptake from soil by plants. The substratum with metals-contaminated sewage sludge demonstrated the highest uptake.
eISSN:2083-5906
ISSN:1230-1485
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