ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Utilization of New Activated Carbon Derived
from Oak Leaves for Removal of Crystal Violet
from Aqueous Solution
Mohamed Sulyman1, Jacek Namiesnik1, Andrzej Gierak2
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1Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
2Department of Physical Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, Poland
Submission date: 2014-05-20
Acceptance date: 2014-06-30
Publication date: 2014-12-16
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2014;23(6):2223-2232
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ABSTRACT
Significant negative environmental impact has been noticed at the campus garden of Gdańsk University
of Technology in Gdańsk, Poland, when the withered leaves of Quercus robur Oak Tree (OL) cover large areas
at such places. In this regard, an attempt has been made to recycle the most abundant agricultural leaf waste
into a high quality local activated carbon (LAC) for use in the decolorization processes of dye industrial wastewater.
A novel AC prepared from OL was studied for removing of crystal violet dye (CV) from aqueous solution
under various experimental conditions. The effect of an OLAC adsorbent dose (5-30 mg/25ml), pH (3.0-
9.0), two levels of shaking (90 and 130 rpm) under different contact times as compared to the sorption process
at soaking in a beaker for one day, and CV initial concentrations (5-40 mg/l) were all studied in a batch mode
process. The sorption exhibited high efficiency for CV adsorption and the equilibrium state could be achieved
in 20 minutes for the different CV initial concentrations. CV uptake was proved to increase with the increase
in OLAC dose, pH, shaking rate, contact time, and CV initial concentration. The applicability of Lungmuir
and Freunflich isotherm equations was investigated. The Freundlich isotherm exhibited a better fit with the
experimental data with linear regression value (R2) of 0.9937, although the isotherm parameters of the
Langmuir isotherm also indicate favourable adsorption. The maximum capacity (qm) obtained from Langmuir
isotherm model was 41.15 mg/g for CV. The results of this study demonstrated the feasibility of applying the
low cost and abundantly available OL as a raw material for the preparation of high-quality AC the for removal
of CV from aqueous solution.