The work studied the multicomponent Sovtol-calcium oxide system with the aim of converting toxic chlorine organic molecules into a salt form in the form of calcium chloride. Accordingly, thermodynamic modeling of the process of thermal decomposition of Sovtol (C12H5Cl5–0.9, C6H3Cl3–0.1) and calcium oxide was carried out at a maximum entropy of the system over a wide range of temperatures. The values of change in entropy, enthalpy, and the viscosity parameters of the system (dynamic viscosity, Prandtl number) were calculated. The concentration distributions of C, O, H, Cl, and Ca-containing components and charged particles in the gas phase were established, and, on their basis, the contents of carbon and chlorine fragments at 2893 K were calculated. Reduction of the anthropogenic chlorine load from the organic molecule in the gas phase was achieved by preparing a water-suspension fuel emulsion (comprising fuel oil and spent Sovtol) with calcium oxide as solid additives and combusting the mixture in medium- and small-capacity boiler units. Based on the chemical matrix of the initial Sovtol-calcium oxide system, an assessment of the carbon load in the gas phase was carried out.