As the global climate change problem becomes increasingly serious, the United Nations has pushed countries to achieve the Carbon Neutrality (CN) goal through the Paris Agreement. In this context, the rapid expansion of the sports market and the increase in sports events have brought about an increase in the demand for stadiums, but high carbon emissions also accompany the construction and operation of stadiums. In this paper, we explore the carbon emissions of stadiums through a systematic review, focusing on analyzing the carbon emissions of stadiums during construction, operation, and after events. We adopt a five-step approach to screen relevant literature and summarize the main sources of carbon emissions from sports stadiums and the measures to manage them. The study shows that carbon emissions from sports venues mainly come from the maintenance of sports turf, energy consumption (e.g., heating, lighting, air conditioning, etc.), and building materials. In addition, some new technologies, such as building-integrated photovoltaic (BiPV) systems and fuel cell technology (PAFC), have shown better application prospects in reducing carbon emissions. Although the carbon emissions of sports stadiums are small compared to industrial emissions, the issue of carbon emissions still needs to attract sufficient attention as the construction of sports stadiums continues to increase. The paper also points out that current research is mostly focused on the fields of environmental science and architecture and that interdisciplinary research should be strengthened in the future, especially considering the differences in carbon emissions from stadiums in different regions and combining disciplines such as economics and public health to provide a more comprehensive perspective. Finally, this paper suggests that policymakers, stadium operators, and architects should work together to adopt measures such as carbon offset policies, green building materials, and optimized energy management to promote stadiums’ sustainable development.