ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Effect of Gibberellic Acid (GA3)
on Growth, Metal Biosorption and Metabolism
of the Green Algae Chlorella vulgaris
(Chlorophyceae) Beijerinck Exposed
to Cadmium and Lead Stress
Monika Falkowska, Anna Pietryczuk, Alicja Piotrowska,
Andrzej Bajguz, Aneta Grygoruk, Romuald Czerpak
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Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Białystok,
Świerkowa 20B, 15-950 Białystok, Poland
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2011;20(1):53-59
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
The aim of this work was to show how gibberellic acid (GA3) affects growth, metal biosorption, and the
content of essential metabolites (cell number, proteins, monosaccharides, chlorophyll a and b, and total
carotenoids) in unicellular green algae Chlorella vulgaris treated with lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) during 3
days of culture. Under the influence of 10-5 M GA3, algal cells bioaccumulated and bioconcentrated toxic metals
from nutrient medium in a dose- and exposure-dependent manner. Moreover, this phytohormone protected
C. vulgaris against Pb and Cd stress at a range of low concentrations 10-7-10-6 M inducing the increase in
cell number and protein, photosynthetic pigment, and monosaccharide content in the culture. However, GA3
was not able to minimize the harmful effects of the highest dose (10-4 M) of Cd and Pb, because growth inhibition
and reduction in metabolite level was observed. The data suggest that GA3 plays an important role in
the growth and metabolism of microalgae C. vulgaris exposed to heavy metal stress and its adaptation ability
to a low-level polluted aquatic environment.