ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Effect of Cattle Breed and Forage-Concentrate
Ratio on Fecal Methane and Nitrous Oxide
Emissions
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1
Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia
2
Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Pati, Indonesia
3
Research Center for Sustainable Production System and Life Cycle Assessment,
National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Serpong, Indonesia
Submission date: 2022-05-31
Final revision date: 2022-11-24
Acceptance date: 2023-02-13
Online publication date: 2023-04-06
Publication date: 2023-05-18
Corresponding author
Mohammad Ikhsan Shiddieqy
Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor, 16915, Bogor, Indonesia
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2023;32(3):2809-2817
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ABSTRACT
A field experiment was carried out to assess the methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission
from feces of different Indonesian cattle breeds and forage-concentrate ratio. The objectives of this
study were to calculate the amount of CH4 and N2O emission and to analyze the effect of different
cattle breeds and forage-concentrate ratio on CH4 and N2O emissions. The experiment used 3 x 2
factorial design. The first factor was three Indonesian local cattle breeds (Bali cattle, Madura cattle and
Peranakan Ongole cattle). The second factor was two ratios of forage-concentrate (70:30 and 30:70).
The gas was collected manually by using the 20 mL plastic syringe on 11 observation days in a month.
On each observation day, the gas was collected five times with 10-minute interval (minute 10, 20, 30,
40 and 50 after chamber closure) between 2 and 3 pm. Analysis of variance (Anova) was conducted to
analyze the effect of cattle breeds and forage-concentrate ratio. The result showed emission peak of
CH4 was on day 0 to 6, while the N2O peak was on day 9 to 15. The highest amount of CH4 emission
occurred on feces of Bali cattle with 30:70 forage-concentrate ratio (895 mg CH4/kg/day) on the first day
of observation. The highest amount of N2O emission was occurred on feces of Peranakan Ongole cattle
with 30:70 forage-concentrate ratio (71,781.62 μg N2O/kg/day) on day 15. The cattle breed and forageconcentrate
ratio had no significant effect on both CH4 and N2O emission from feces.