ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Suitable Water Surface Ratio of the Urban
Park from the Perspective of Optimizing
Eco-Social Benefit: A Case Study of
Dashenguan Park in Nanjing, China
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College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
Submission date: 2024-05-02
Final revision date: 2024-06-23
Acceptance date: 2024-09-04
Online publication date: 2024-11-07
Corresponding author
Hui Wang
College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, 210037, Nanjing, China
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ABSTRACT
Water bodies are essential components of many urban parks, with varying water surface ratios
affecting the parks' benefits. Therefore, a suitable water surface ratio is crucial for the sustainable
development of urban parks. However, research on this aspect remains relatively scarce. In this study,
we aimed to explore the suitable water surface ratio for urban parks to enhance integrated benefits.
Taking Nanjing Dashengguan Park as an example, different water surface ratios were simulated using
the ArcGIS 10.8 platform. Ecological benefits, social benefits, and integrated eco-social benefits models
were constructed to measure the benefits of parks with different water surface ratios and to determine
the optimal water surface ratio that maximizes comprehensive benefits. The results show that: (1) The
water surface ratio significantly influences park benefits. Increasing the water surface ratio improves
ecological benefits but reduces social benefits, with integrated eco-social benefits first rising and then
declining; (2) A 33% water surface ratio maximizes the integrated benefits of Dashengguan Park,
representing the optimal ratio. The method for planning the suitable water surface ratio proposed in this
study provides valuable references for the planning and construction of urban parks.