The concept of green sustainable development is the inherent requirement of social and economic development construction. Meanwhile, with the frequent occurrence of accident-type disasters, the complex characteristics of them and the serious consequences to social and economic development have aroused people's concern. Therefore, this paper creatively combines green sustainable development and emergency logistics system construction and puts forward a method that can integrate "Case-based reasoning", "Modular design", "Orthogonal experiment design", and "Adaptive boosting", called "CMO-Adaboost" for short. It can increase the emergency rescue efficiency by 11.11%, emergency rescue capacity by 0.59%, and emergency rescue effect by 9.54%. It is feasible and can reduce economic losses and casualties in disaster-stricken areas, solve the problem of emergency resource waste, meet the needs of people's growing a beautiful ecological environment, and promote green sustainable development under the premise of integrating the concept of green sustainable development. The conclusion of this paper suggests the government should first focus on the internally driven components; namely "command layout", "policy supervision", "disposal and rehabilitation", and "integration and coordination". Secondly, attention needs to fall on the externally guided components; namely "innovative development" and "emergency plan". Thirdly, based on the concept of green sustainable development, as an intermediate connection component, the "information sharing" component, although equally important, is not the most priority component, but it can be moderately considered. This paper has reference value for other types of emergencies.