ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Study on Impact of Climate Change and Sea
Water Intrusion on Water Quality Parameters
of Coastal Area – GIS Based Research
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1
Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, Chengalpattu,
Tamil Nadu – 603 308, India
2
Jei Mathaajee College of Engineering, Kanchipuram to Arakkonam road, Kooram Gate,
Vishakandikuppam, Kanchipuram District, Tamil Nadu – 631 552, India
3
Symbiosis Centre for Management Studies, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Bangaluru, India
4
Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University,
P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Submission date: 2023-08-31
Final revision date: 2023-09-29
Acceptance date: 2023-10-06
Online publication date: 2024-02-29
Publication date: 2024-04-09
Corresponding author
Senthil Kumar M.
Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, Chengalpattu,
Tamil Nadu – 603 308, India
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2024;33(3):3311-3323
KEYWORDS
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ABSTRACT
This study aims to evaluate Rameshwaram’s groundwater quality in terms of seawater intrusion.
The pH ranged from 6.87 to 7.82, and The EC varied between 0.81 and 13.73, 90% below the allowable
limit, TDS observed at 240 mg/L to 4103 mg/L with a significance of 70% in the permitted threshold,
The range of the Ca hardness was 60 mg/L to 355 mg/L, with 58% exceeding the limit, the range
of the Mg hardness was 50 mg/L to 560 mg/L, with 93% surpassing the permitted limit, and the range
of the TH ranged from 180 mg/L to 915 mg/L, with 30% exceeding the limit. F- concentrations range
from 1 mg/L to 1.78 mg/L, showing 35% are at harmful fluoride levels, while TS concentrations range
from 330 mg/L to 4100 mg/L, with over 65% above the limit. According to statistical explanations by
rotating component matrix, component 1 achieved 48.53%, component 2 reached 67.64%, and component
3 reached 90.52%. Under Kaiser normalization, the minimum Varimax value fell within the range
of 0.81-330.0. The range of possible Varimax values is 8.73 to 25000.60. The standard deviation varied
from 0.3264 to 3867.6154, while the mean deviation ranged from 1.8373 to 1661.0150. An identity of 65%
found in one group remaining 35% in another cluster. GIS-based spatiotemporal values of water quality
metrics confirm the intervention of sea water intrusion in coastal zone. In conclusion, investigation
of water quality in the coastal region exhibits the seawater intrusion problem with supporting results
of statistical analysis and GIS mapping.