Sawdust is the most popular matrix used in bio-toilets, but the wood resource is scarce in many countries. The aim of our research is to explore the possibility to select cornstalks as alternative matrix in bio-toilets. The experiments were conducted to compare the biodegradation effects of feces mixed with sawdust and cornstalk by monitoring the main physical and chemical parameters. In both tests, temperature, moisture content, and pH were all maintained within a feasible range during biodegradation. The weight reduction was very remarkable, and TN, TP, and TK all significantly increased (although the loss of NH₃-N occurred). These results indicated the feasibility to use cornstalks as a bio-toilet matrix, which provides an effective way to reutilize agricultural waste and helps to popularize the application of bio-toilets.