Ecological environment in the source area of the Yangtze River has also undergone significant changes under the context of global climate warming. Based on the long term observation data (observation data of vegetation, soil moisture and desertification was from 2005 to 2015), desertification degree gradually decreased, vegetation height increased, the change of coverage was weak, above ground biomass significantly decreased and soil moisture significantly decreased after 2009 thorough analysis of correlation and annual change of wind erosion, wind deposition, vegetation situations and soil moisture from 2005 to 2015. So atmospheric precipitation wasn’t a directly specially important factor to ecological environment in the source region of Yangtze river in the context of climate warming and wetting and atmospheric precipitation was indirectly affecting the ecological environment in the source region of the Yangtze river. Rain could reduce environmental temperature and temperature was also an important factor for vegetation growth. Atmospheric precipitation didn’t play an important role in wind erosion and wind deposition in the study area. Precipitation increase could reduce height and coverage of vegetation in the source region of Yangtze river. And above ground biomass of vegetation might increase with the precipitation increase and climate becoming warm and wet. Atmospheric precipitation only directly affected soil moisture under the context of climate warming and wetting.