The transfer of technology in the green innovation system is a process that promotes the delivery of environmentally friendly technologies from developers to users. However, under the background of the digital economy, conducting green innovation cooperation to promote technology transfer is an important issue facing the high-quality development of the green innovation system. This paper, based on the construction of the mechanism for technology transfer in the green innovation system empowered by the digital economy and based on the principles of bounded rationality and profit maximization, uses evolutionary game theory to analyze the relationships of technology transfer among multiple entities within Xiaomi Technology Co., Ltd.'s green innovation ecosystem and to explore the impact and strategic choice of sharing willingness intensity on technology transfer between innovative entities. The research results show that: (1) In green innovation activities, various innovative entities (such as research institutions, universities, enterprises, etc.) and technology transfer carriers (such as innovation platforms, innovation ecosystems, policies, etc.) play important roles. Through the empowerment of the digital economy, the enthusiasm of these entities and carriers can be fully mobilized to promote the development of the green innovation system. (2) Under the influence of businesses’ pursuit of maximum profit strategies, there is a negative correlation between the intensity of sharing willingness and cooperation time among businesses within the green innovation ecosystem. By adjusting the threshold intensity of sharing willingness, it was found that the trust crisis in technology transfer could be postponed. (3) There is a positive correlation between the intensity of sharing willingness and the time of collaborative cooperation between businesses and academic research institutions within the green innovation system. By enhancing the threshold intensity of sharing willingness, the evolution of technology transfer will show an increasing trend over time. This study promotes the development of green innovation activities from the perspective of knowledge sharing in collaborative innovation empowered by digitization, providing theoretical references for the green innovation system to achieve high-level technology transfer.