ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Relief from Salt Stress by Plant Growth-Promoting
Bacteria in Hydroponic Leaf Lettuce
(Lactuca sativa L.)
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1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Jl.
Teknik Mesin No. 173, Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60115, Indonesia
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Lampung Jl.
Prof. Dr. Ir. Sumantri Brojonegoro No. 1, Gd. Meneng Rajabasa, Bandarlampung, Lampung 35144, Indonesia
3
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Lampung Jl.
Prof. Dr. Ir. Sumantri Brojonegoro No. 1, Gd. Meneng Rajabasa, Bandarlampung, Lampung 35144, Indonesia
Submission date: 2022-08-15
Final revision date: 2023-03-18
Acceptance date: 2023-04-29
Online publication date: 2023-10-09
Publication date: 2023-11-10
Corresponding author
Achmad Arifiyanto
Biology, Universitas Lampung, Jl Soemantri Brojonegoro No1 Gedong Mene, 35144, Bandarlampung, Indonesia
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2023;32(6):5749-5761
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ABSTRACT
Indonesia is a large archipelago with a long coastline. Climate change and saltwater intrusion both
endanger freshwater availability as a source of drinking water and agricultural resources. Therefore,
the saline and brackish water demand for irrigated farm goods should be considered a method
for producing salt-resistant crop products. This study aimed to monitor Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)
and biofilm by selected bacterial isolates and its impact on the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa
L.) during salt stress. Several isolates are employed such as Streptomyces hygroscopicus GGF4-i18,
Streptomyces sp. AB8, Micrococcus luteus, Serratia marcescens MBC1, and Streptomyces
hygroscopicus subsp. Jinggangensis InaCC A497. A 1.0 percent L-tryptophan is used as a precursor of
IAA. The impact of IAA and biofilm produced by bacteria was demonstrated by inoculating bacterial
isolates on Lactuca sativa (lettuce) plants in the hydroponic system. The nutrient film technique (NFT)
is the selected hydroponic cultivation technique. The result shows that Streptomyces genera were able to
maintain higher IAA hormone production within a week. On the other hand, Serratia marcescens MBC1
and Micrococcus luteus tended to have stable IAA levels. The administration of MBC1 strain bacteria
increased lettuce growth as measured by the number of leaves and leaf length, compared to isolate AB8,
i18, and Micrococcus luteus. However, the growth was not greater than the control treatment, which
grew in fresh water, when it was observed in root length. The ability of bacterial isolates to tolerate
salt levels is needed, in addition to the capacity to produce IAA to help plants survive and grow in
brackish water media. In nature, the interaction between plants and microbes does not take place alone.
In this study, the treatment was still given in the form of a bacterial monoculture to plant. In the future,
it is necessary to develop how the treatment is given in the form of a consortium and consider other growth- supporting factors. In addition, the use of simple technology in the form of adding bacterial
inoculum to a simple NTF reactor is easy to apply to developing countries.