ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Quantitative Changes in Sulphur Fractions during
Co-Composting of Pine Bark with Green
Plant Material
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1
Department of Soil Science and Land Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences Poznań;
2
Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznan University of Life Sciences Poznań, Poland
Submission date: 2018-04-04
Final revision date: 2018-06-04
Acceptance date: 2018-06-10
Online publication date: 2019-02-25
Publication date: 2019-04-09
Corresponding author
Monika Jakubus
Katedra Gleboznawstwa i Ochrony Gruntów UP Poznań, ul. Szydłowska 50, 60 - 656 Poznań, Poland
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2019;28(4):2633-2644
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ABSTRACT
Composting pine bark alone and with additives is an interesting alternative to recycling waste
as compost. Our study was focused on the exploration of various sulphur fractions (total, plant
available, easily mineralisable organic and residual) in four composts during a progressive composting
process. Composts used for the study were prepared using Scots pine (Pinus silvestris L.) bark
and chopped green plant material (GPM, i.e., a mixture of green parts of buckwheat (Fagopylum
esculentum L.), peas (Pisum sativum L.), serradela (Ornithopus perpusillus L.) and vetch (Vicia
sativa L.) harvested before flowering). They were prepared according to the scheme: C1 - pine bark,
C2 - pine bark mixed with urea (a dose of urea equivalent to 1kg N per 1 m3 of pine bark), C3 - pine
bark mixed with GPM (0.5 Mg of GPM per 1 m3 of pine bark) and C4 - pine bark mixed with GPM
(3.5 Mg of GPM per 1 m3 of pine bark). The composting process lasted 203 days and comprised
6 stages. It was found that compost prepared from pine bark and green plant material (C4) contained
the highest amounts of sulphur and their changes were significant during the composting process.
Although it is not routinely applied in such studies, the use of PCA to summarize the influence
of composts and stages was found to be a valuable tool. The PCA data proved that with regard to
the plant-available sulphur and easily mineralisable organic sulphur, the composting process could
be shortened to 80 days with no deterioration of compost quality. Total and residual sulphur contents
showed a similar pattern. The amounts of sulphur extracted with CH3COOH and KCl as well as and
their changes observed during the composting process were comparable. However, the solution of KCl
may be considered as a more sensitive extractor of sulphur in composts.