ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Home-Grown
Allium Fistulosum from an Industrial City
of China: Concentrations, Source
and Cancer Risks
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1
College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132022, China
2
Chengdu Center of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Sichuan Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources,
Chengdu, 610081,China
Submission date: 2021-12-27
Final revision date: 2022-04-25
Acceptance date: 2022-05-03
Online publication date: 2022-08-05
Publication date: 2022-09-28
Corresponding author
Dazhi Sun
Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, 132, 132022, Jilin, China
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2022;31(5):4851-4858
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ABSTRACT
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in vegetables may pose a cancer risk via consumption of
contaminated vegetables. Thus, this study aims to analyze the concentrations of PAHs in home-grown
allium fistulosum from an industrial city of China, and assess the exposure risks. The results indicate
that adsorption of PAHs through roots and local anthropogenic pollution were major factors affecting
accumulation of PAHs in edible parts of allium fistulosum. The sources of PAHs were identified
as vehicle emissions, agricultural waste burning and pollution discharges of petroleum factories.
Daily dietary exposures of consumers to PAHs in allium fistulosum ranged from 2.76×10-4
to 7.02×10-5 ng/(d·kg), children had the highest daily exposure dose, while the teenagers had the lowest.
For individuals of different gender and age groups (children, teenagers, adults and old), the incremental
lifetime cancer risks (ILCRs) ranged from 1.4×10-6 to 3.5×10-5, which were all higher than safe risk
level of 10-6. The findings of this study suggest that growing allium fistulosum in the urban areas
of an industrial city may pose low cancer risks to consumers.