ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Physical, Chemical, and Microbiological Evaluation of Spring Water Samples Obtained From the Tunceli Region (Turkey)
 
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1
Design and Architecture/Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Munzur Uni, Tunceli, Turkey
 
2
Provincial Directorate of Agriculture Tunceli, Turkey
 
 
Submission date: 2024-06-12
 
 
Final revision date: 2024-11-28
 
 
Acceptance date: 2024-12-16
 
 
Online publication date: 2025-02-25
 
 
Corresponding author
Alper Güven   

Faculty of Fine Arts, Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Munzur University Tunceli Turkey, Aktuluk Cad., 62100, Tunceli, Turkey
 
 
Çağdaş Çetin   

Provincial Directorate of Agriculture Tunceli, Turkey
 
 
 
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ABSTRACT
Spring water samples from the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey (Tunceli) were evaluated for suitability to potable water standards. In the present study, spring water samples obtained from Pertek, Ovacık, Çemişgezek, Hozat, Pülümür, Mazgirt, and Nazımiye settlements were analyzed with respect to their physical, chemical, and microbiological properties. Measured quality parameters were compared with the standards declared by the Institute of Turkish Standards (TS-266), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the European Community Standards (EC). Weekly spring water samples from eight springs were taken for a period of seven weeks during the heavy precipitation and snowmelt season. The characteristic pH of the samples was between 7.24 and 8.36, the sample temperature range was between 2.9 and 12.7ºC, and the sample electric conductivity was between 165.8 and 760 μS/cm. Spring water samples varied in a wide range with respect to calcium, magnesium, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, chloride, and sulfate contents. Thus, the total hardness values of the samples also varied in a wide range. Chemical analysis varied due to the geological structure of the spring location, but the iron content of all the samples was found to be below the detectable range. These results are characteristic of deep wells surrounded by rocks rich in calcites, dolomites, and gypsum and poor in ferrites. Measured quality parameters were found to conform with the available Turkish, European Community, and World Health Organization standards, and the spring water analyzed was found to be the highest quality potable water according to these standards.
eISSN:2083-5906
ISSN:1230-1485
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