ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Numerical Analysis of Three-Dimensional
Infiltration in a Municipal Solid Waste Landfill
under Rainfall
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1
State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an University of Technology,
Shaanxi, China
2
School of Civil Engineering, Xijing University, Xi’an, China
Submission date: 2019-04-30
Final revision date: 2019-06-10
Acceptance date: 2019-06-14
Online publication date: 2020-01-08
Publication date: 2020-02-13
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2020;29(2):1953-1963
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ABSTRACT
High leachate levels seriously affect slope stability in landfills. Heavy rainfall and degradation
of waste are the main causes of high leachate levels. Here, we analyze rainfall patterns, simulate leachate
levels, and suggest methods for reducing the impact of heavy rain on slope stability. Heterogeneous
characteristics of waste piles are simulated by combining a user subroutine with the finite element
method. Finally, under maximum daily rainfall conditions at the landfill, seepage is simulated in three
dimensions. We find that heterogeneities in hydraulic conductivity are often responsible for perched
leachate levels. For a given rainfall, the leachates are perched in multiple places with the least rainfall
duration; for a given rainfall duration, the leachates are perched in multiple places with the greatest
rainfall intensity. High leachate levels exist downstream of the landfill slope and they dissipate slowly.
From the initial rainfall to 2.8 hours after the rain, more saturated zones exist in the simulated landfill,
especially near landfill slopes. In order to stabilize landfills for safety, we suggest the use of drainage
measures, including silo systems, at the top of the waste pile and near slopes in order to reduce leachate
levels.