ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Nexus between Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Energy
Use and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence
From South Asian Countries
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1
Remote Sensing, GIS and Climatic Research Lab (National Center of GIS and Space Applications),
Center for Remote Sensing, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
2
Department of Political Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
3
Remote Sensing,GIS and Climatic Research Lab (National Center of GIS and Space Applications),
Department of Space Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
4
Department of English, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
5
College of Statistical and Actuarial Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore
Submission date: 2021-02-15
Final revision date: 2021-03-28
Acceptance date: 2021-04-18
Online publication date: 2021-12-17
Publication date: 2022-01-28
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2022;31(1):763-770
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ABSTRACT
This article explores the nexus between three measures of greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O and CH4)
with economic growth (GDP) and energy use for six South Asian countries (Pakistan, India, Nepal,
Bangladesh, Sri-Lanka and Bhutan) by using panel ARDL approach from 1990 to 2017. The paper
evaluates the three panel models of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) and
studies the relationships with energy use and GDP in the context of (Environmental Kuznets curve)
EKC. This study shows non-linear relation of CO2 with GDP as well as of N2O with GDP hence proves
the presence of EKC in long run. The analysis of the study shows the positive significant impact of
CO2 on GDP and energy use in long. In case of short run, the relationship of CO2 with energy use is
significant at 10% level. In case of methane model for long run, there is negative relationship between
CH4 and energy use however, there is positive significant impact between CH4 and GDP. However, there
has been negative relationship of N2O with energy use and positive insignificant relationship with GDP.