Aloe barbadensis, Capparis spinosa, and Senegalia senegal are popular in traditional medicine due to their therapeutic effects. We aimed to assess the neuropharmacological potential of their extracts, including the impact on pain-relief, anxiety, depression, muscle relaxation, and motor coordination. BALB/c mice were administered with standardized doses of A. barbadensis, C. spinosa, and S. senegal extracts, and their behavior was recorded through various neurobehavioral tests. The antioxidant potential of the extracts was also evaluated by DPPH assay. A differential response was observed among the three extracts for analgesic activity. A. barbadensis showed an increase in latency time after an increase in dose, while C. spinosa and S. senegal exhibited a biphasic response. A. barbadensis showed very good anxiolytic effects and best anti-depression effects. S. senegal exhibited the best antioxidant activity, followed by A. barbadensis and C. spinosa. This shows that these plants could counteract oxidative stress and protect neurons from potential damage caused by free radicals. The observed anxiolytic, muscle relaxant effects, and enhanced antioxidant potential of the selected plants in BALB/c mice, indicate their potential therapeutic value in neuroprotective strategies and the treatment of oxidative stress-related neurological disorders. However, further investigations into their underlying mechanisms and long-term safety profiles are suggested before considering their translation into clinical applications.