ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Mycelial Growth and Enzymatic Activities
of Fungi Isolated from Recycled Paper Wastes
Grown on Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Yahayra Aguilar-Alvarado1, María del Rosario Báez-Sánchez2, Daniel Claudio Martínez-Carrera3, Miriam Ahuactzin-Pérez4, Martín Cuamatzi-Muñoz5, Carmen Sánchez6
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1Faculty of Biology, Licenciatura en Biología, UAT, Ixtacuixtla, Tlaxcala, CP, 90120, México
2Laboratory of Agrotechnology, Ingeniería en Agrotecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Tlaxcala Región Poniente,
Carr. Federal México – Veracruz Km. 85, Recova, Hueyotlipan, Tlaxcala, CP, 90240, México
3College of Postgraduates (CP), Campus Puebla, Biotechnology of Edible, Functional and Medicinal Mushrooms,
Apartado Postal 129, Puebla, CP, 72001, México
4Faculty of Biology, UAT, Ixtacuixtla, Tlaxcala, CP, 90120, México
5Laboratory of Agrotechnology, Universidad Politécnica de Tlaxcala Región Poniente,
Carr. Federal México – Veracruz Km. 85, Recova, Hueyotlipan, Tlaxcala, CP, 90240, México
6Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Centre for Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala,
Ixtacuixtla, Tlaxcala, CP, 90120, México
Submission date: 2015-05-26
Final revision date: 2015-07-09
Acceptance date: 2015-07-13
Publication date: 2015-09-21
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2015;24(5):1897-1902
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ABSTRACT
Phthalate esters are often discharged into the ecosystem by paper and plastic industries during manufacturing
processes, contributing to environmental pollution. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer
widely used in the manufacture of plastics that imparts flexibility to polyvinyl chloride resins. This is an
endocrine-disrupting compound that could lead to cancer. Filamentous fungi were isolated from mixed pulp
waste in a paper recycling facility. Ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers sequencing were performed,
which allowed for the identification of the fungal species of the isolates as Neurospora sitophila, Fusarium
culmorum, Trichoderma atroviride, Hypocrea lixii, and Trichoderma harzianum. Radial growth rate (ur),
mycelial biomass, and laccase and esterase activities of the fungal isolates in media containing different concentrations
of DEHP (0, 500, 750, 1,000, 1,200, and 1,500 mg/l) were carried out. The highest ur was shown
by N. sitophila in the medium added with 1,500 mg of DEHP/l. The largest mycelial biomass was produced
by F. culmorum, T. atroviride, H. lixii, and T. harzianum in the medium containing 1,500 mg of DEHP/l.
F. culmorum and T. harzianum had higher esterase activity than laccase activity in all the media tested.
This study demonstrates that fungi isolated from the recycled paper wastes in a paper industry were capable
of utilizing DEHP as the sole carbon source. These fungal isolates can be used for the bioremediation of
DEHP-contaminated sites.