ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Isomer Specific Analysis of Polychlorinated
Naphthalenes in Pine Trees ( Pinus thunbergi
Parl.) and ( Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc) Needles Around
Tokyo Bay, Japan
N. Hanari1, Y. Horii1, S. Taniyasu1, J. Falandysz1,2, I. Bochentin2,
A. Orlikowska2, T. Puzyn2, N. Yamashita1*
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1 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), EMTECH,
16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
2 Department of Environmental Chemistry & Ecotoxicology, University of Gdańsk,
18 Sobieskiego Str., PL 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2004;13(2):139-151
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
63 congeners of chloronaphthalene represented by 53 peaks fractionated and separated using two-dimensional
HPLC and DB-17 capillary column were quantified using HRMS in ten samples of pine needles collected
in 1999 around Tokyo Bay in Japan. Similarities and differences of chloronaphthalene concentrations
and patterns between 10 sampling sites were studied using multivariate analysis. Total PCN concentrations
ranged from 250 to 2100 pg/g wet weight. Except for one site, tri- and tetra-CNs highly dominated (from 54 to
80%) in CN homologue patterns of pine needles. At the easternmost site near the town of Tateyama in Chiba
Prefecture the contribution from octaCN was ~20 %, while that of tri- and tetra-CNs ~42 %. Pine needles
sampled from the sites around the innermost part of Tokyo Bay showed the highest load of PCNs. A multivariate
analysis using the three most significant principal components explained 91% of the total variance in the
measurement data. The greatest positive loading to PC1 is from the CN congeners nos. 13, 14/21/24, 15, 16,
17, 18, 19, 20, 22/23, 25, 26, 27, 28/36, 29, 30/32, 31, 33/34/37, 35, 40, 42, 43/45, 44, 47, 49, 50, 51, 52/60,
53, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 64, 65, 66/67, 68, 69, 71 and 72, and explains 65% variance in the data set. For PC2 the
largest positive loading is from CNs nos.74 and 75, and negative load from CN nos. 38, 41, 46 and 48, which
explains 17% of the variance. In case of PC3 the largest negative load is from CNs nos. 54, 56, 63, 70 and 73.
A profile of the combustion process related CN congeners measured such as nos. 44, 48 and 54 didn’t show
any specific trend implying pollution from diffused sources of various types.