ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Hypsometric Factors for Differences in Chemical
Composition of Tatra National Park
Spring Waters
Mirosław Żelazny1, Anna Wolanin1, Eliza Płaczkowska2
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1Department of Hydrology, Institute of Geography and Spatial Management,
2Department of Geomorphology, Institute of Geography and Spatial Management,
Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2013;22(1):289-299
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to verify a hypothesis about the differences in chemical composition of spring
waters as determined by hypsometric factors (relief) in the Tatra Mountains. During our research, 1,505 hydrological
objects were inventoried, but this research was conducted on 872 selected outflows (swamps and
springs). Temperature, conductivity, and pH were measured together with discharge in the field. A 0.5 dm3
water sample was taken from each hydrological object. The chemical composition was determined by ion
chromatography. The role of hypsometric factors in the formation of chemical composition of spring waters
is reflected throughout the TNP as a systematic reduction of the importance of two major hydrochemical classes
of spring waters (HCO3-Ca, HCO3-Ca-Mg) in favor of waters containing a large share of SO4
2-. The lower
and ridge parts of the mountains are characterized by low hydrochemical diversity for the entire Tatra range.