ORIGINAL RESEARCH
How Different Nitrogen Application Rates
Affect Yield Composition and Nitrogen Uptake
of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in a Saline-Sodic
Paddy Field
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China,
and Da`an Sodic Land Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Da`an Jilin, China
Submission date: 2017-09-20
Final revision date: 2018-01-05
Acceptance date: 2018-02-10
Online publication date: 2018-08-31
Publication date: 2018-12-20
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2019;28(2):553-564
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ABSTRACT
Planting rice (Oryzasativa L.) is an effective and feasible approach for improving salt-affected soils,
especially in saline-sodic soils. Improved rice is the main biological measure for rapid treatment and
utilization of a saline-sodic paddy field. Reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer is an important
measure for obtaining saline-sodic soil high yield. Dongdao 4 (D-4), Dongdao 2 (D-2), Changbai 9
(C-9), and Baijing 1 (B-1)) were studied by a field experiment in this paper. On the growth, yield, and
yield component responses of different nitrogen levels (150 kg N/ha, 225 kg N/ha and 300 kg N/ha),
and the nitrogen uptake of four saline-tolerant rice cultivars at different nitrogen application levels was
calculated, which provided a useful reference for the rational application of nitrogen fertilizer in a salinesodic
paddy field. The results showed that: biomass of four kinds of rice accumulates over time and
reached their maximums in September, with the biomasses of D-2 and D-4 reaching the maximum of
225 kg N/ha, and C-9 and B-1 reaching the maximum at 300 kg N/ha, which is related to rice varieties;
the yields of four salt-tolerant rice plants reached the highest in 150 kg N/ha; applied nitrogen fertilizer
reasonably was beneficial to increase the number of spikes and the number of effective grains per spike,
in this experiment, the optimum amount of nitrogen is 150 kg N/ha, and the number of spikes and the
number of effective grains per spike also were major factors in increasing production. With 1000-grain
weight, primary and secondary branches made no significant contribution to the yield; the N uptake of
four kinds of rice gradually increased over time and reached the maximum in September. There was no
significant difference in the nitrogen grain production efficiency of 4 rice varieties under different nitrogen
application rates; with the increase of nitrogen application rate, partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer
nitrogen of 4 rice varieties all decreased. Therefore, reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer promoted
the uptake and transfer of nitrogen to the plant.