Daqing City is one of the important resource-based cities in China, a city born and prospered by oil. Resource-based cities are cities formed due to the massive exploitation of natural resources, and their rough economic growth methods have caused damage to both the resources and ecological environment of resource-based cities, which must undergo green transformation and development for the sake of economic development. Exploring the status quo of green development in Daqing can not only strengthen the theoretical and empirical research related to green development, but also provide new ways for the green development of other resource cities. Based on the current research situation in Daqing, this paper constructs a green development index system and evaluates and analyzes the level of green development and the obstacle factors in Daqing in the middle of 2011-2021, by using the entropy weight TOPSIS model and obstacle degree model. The results of the study show that: (1) the comprehensive evaluation index of green development increased from 0.375 in 2011 to 0.566 in 2021, and there is still much room for improvement in the level of green development in Daqing. (2) The economic greenness, internal growth mechanism, and industrial greenness of Daqing have been improved to different degrees, and the environmental greenness has been reduced to some extent. (3) The main obstacle factors restricting the level of green development in Daqing are urbanization rate, urban registered unemployment rate, number of university students per 10,000 people, and per capita general public budget income. Based on the evaluation results and analyses, it is recommended that the government promote green economic development, strengthen environmental and ecological governance, and improve the social security system.