REVIEW PAPER
Environmental Effects of Electrical and Electronic
Waste on Water and Soil: A Review
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1
School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
2
School of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University 550025, China
3
Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China
4
University of Rwanda, College of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 3900, Kigali, Rwanda
5
School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
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School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
8
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving,
Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
9
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,100049, China
Submission date: 2021-05-12
Final revision date: 2021-11-22
Acceptance date: 2021-11-23
Online publication date: 2022-04-12
Publication date: 2022-05-05
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2022;31(3):2507-2525
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ABSTRACT
Electrical and electronic waste (E-waste) production are not only increasing enormously every day
but also continue to pollute water and soil which are very essential elements to assert life completely
and crucial to sustainable development and prosperity. With the emergence of information and
communication technology (ICT), people are excited to explore emerging innovations, contributing
robust demand for and the use of today’s electrical and electronic equipment (EEE). Due to the lack
of a precise management and disposal approach, the expired EEE are rapidly discarded as E-waste
in mass and dumped in an inapt landfill or stowed where large soil areas are available, such as near
industries, institutions, etc. In addition, the majority of those areas are near to the water table and
other watercourses. These induce soil and water to be unsuitable for different purposes due to harmful
toxic metals. Consequently, they are leading harsh health and environmental problems in developing
countries and to some extent in developed countries. This review paper compiles E-waste categories and
their effects, as well as soil and water contamination processes, and also advocates viable remediation
technology.