ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Determination of Dyestuffs Remaining in Dyeing
Processes of Vegetable-Tanned Leathers
and Their Removal Using Shavings
Gokhan Zengin1, Hasan Ozgunay1, Ebru Mavioglu Ayan2, Mehmet Mete Mutlu1
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1Faculty of Engineering, Department of Leather Engineering, Ege University
2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University
35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2012;21(2):499-508
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
This study investigates amounts of acid and metal complex dyes remaining in baths after the dyeing
processes of vegetable tanned leathers and their removal using chromium and vegetable shavings as adsorbents.
The results indicated that 97-867 mgL-1 of acid dyes and 15-369 mgL-1 of metal complex dyes remain
at the end of dyeing processes of vegetable-tanned leathers. The adsorption behaviors of chromium and vegetable
shavings were investigated toward four acid dyes and four 1:1 metal complex dyes having four different
types of metal atoms (Cr, Fe, Cu, Co). Batch adsorption technique was used in adsorption experiments.
The effects of time, pH, and adsorbent amount parameters on dye adsorption were investigated. Optimum pH
values were pH 2.0 and pH 3.8 for vegetable shavings and chromium shavings, respectively. Adsorption capacities
of chromium and vegetable shavings were found to be between 123.5-454.5 mg·g-1 and 68.0-154.0 mg·g-1
depending on the type of dye. From the results it was clearly seen that both chromium and vegetable shavings
could be used as adsorbents for acid and metal complex dyes, while chromium shavings performed better. The
experimental data of adsorption isotherms of all dyes fit well to the Langmuir model.