ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Decreasing Microbial Contamination
in Culture Water of Siamese Fighting Fish
(Betta splendens) Using Cinnamon Extract
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1
Faculty of Natural Resources and Argo-Industry, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon
Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand
2
Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus,
Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand
Submission date: 2023-08-03
Final revision date: 2023-12-03
Acceptance date: 2023-12-16
Online publication date: 2024-04-18
Publication date: 2024-05-23
Corresponding author
Rapeepan Yongyod
Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus,
Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2024;33(4):4161-4167
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ABSTRACT
Raising fish in ponds for an extended period can have an impact on the accumulation of bacteria
that can affect the health of the fish. Using plant extracts is an interesting option to consider for reducing
bacterial contamination in ponds. This study investigated the effectiveness of cinnamon extract in
reducing bacterial contamination in the water used for raising Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens).
Optimal concentrations of cinnamon extract were determined for microbial reduction in the water used
for the cultivation of these fish. Test the ability to resist infection at the concentrations of cinnamon
extract 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16, and 1:64, against 3 bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus
aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The concentrations of cinnamon extract at 1:1 and 1:2 inhibited
all three tested pathogens, while up to 1:4 inhibited S. aureus. Water samples taken from the ponds
for testing were studied at 4 cinnamon extract concentrations: 0, 1, 2, and 3 gL-1. The treated water
samples were collected at 0, 24, and 48 hours to quantify microbial activity. There were significant
(p<0.05) differences among the concentrations, with the numbers of microorganisms in the treated water
at 48 hours being 3.84x105, 2.92x104, 2.69x103, and 2.89x103 CFU mL-1, respectively. The experimental
groups with concentrations of 2 and 3 gL-1 were the most effective in reducing bacteria in the fishpond
after 24 h. Our study demonstrated that cinnamon extract could reduce microbial growth in water used
to raise Siamese fighting fish.