ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Comprehensive Effectiveness Evaluation
of Constructing a Multi-Objective
Sponge Campus
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Department of Landscape Architecture, Dong-a University, Busan, 49315, Korea
Submission date: 2023-12-21
Final revision date: 2024-02-05
Acceptance date: 2024-03-18
Online publication date: 2024-07-15
Corresponding author
Gwon-Soo Bahn
Department of Landscape Architecture, Dong-a University, Busan, 49315, Korea
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ABSTRACT
A sponge campus aims to improve the overall effectiveness of the stormwater system of campus
through the use of low-impact development (LID) measures to cope with climate extremes, heavy
rainfall, and flooding. This study endeavors to assist companies and organizations in addressing issues
such as evaluating the effectiveness of LID measures in sponge campuses to confirm the soundness of
sponge solutions. To accomplish the goal, this study employs a methodology to assess the effectiveness
of LID measures by constructing five objectives (total annual runoff control rate, runoff pollutant
reduction rate, flood flow control, peak present time extension, and stormwater utilization system)
and finally verifies the validity of this methodology through real examples. The results of the study
demonstrate that the Sponge campus program is reasonable and meets the requirements for Sponge
City construction in the area. After implementing LID measures, the total annual runoff control
rate reaches 81.5%, the reduction rate of runoff pollutants (SS) exceeds 65%, the flood peak flow is
reduced by more than 30%, and the peak moment of the flow at the outfall is extended by 4-6 minutes.
The campus can effectively alleviate urban flooding problems by rationally configuring the LID
measures and constructing a sustainable stormwater management system with a multi-objective
orientation. This also improves the efficiency of stormwater resource utilization. The contribution of this
study lies in providing valuable methods and insights for understanding and evaluating the effectiveness
of LID measures. It also provides a certain reference for engineers and planners engaged in the field,
which is crucial for the future construction of Sponge City.