ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Biochar from Coconut Shell Biomass for the Removal of Sulfate and Cadmium Reduction in Acid Mine Drainage Treatment
 
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1
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
 
2
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
 
3
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
 
4
Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka, Kolaka, Indonesia
 
 
Submission date: 2023-11-06
 
 
Final revision date: 2024-01-11
 
 
Acceptance date: 2024-01-27
 
 
Online publication date: 2024-06-12
 
 
Publication date: 2024-07-12
 
 
Corresponding author
Fahruddin Fahruddin   

Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
 
 
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2024;33(5):5627-5634
 
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ABSTRACT
The growing mining industry has led to environmental pollution, primarily from mining waste known as acid mine drainage (AMD). To effectively address AMD, a combination of constructed wetland and biochar treatment is necessary. This study aims to assess the ability of biochar in combination with wetland sediment to reduce sulfate and cadmium (Cd) heavy metals in AMD. The research method involved a laboratory-scale constructed wetland in a microcosmos and a treatment of: T1, biochar mixed with wetland sediment; T2, sediment; T3, biochar; and T4, control with no treatment. Observations included sulfate content, pH determination, heavy metal concentration, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of the biochar. Results after 30 days of observation showed that T1 reduced sulfate concentration by 72.03%, compared to 63.33% for T2, 63.33% for T3, and 2.50% for T4. The reduction in sulfate was accompanied by a consecutive increase in pH, with T1 at pH 6.9, T2 at pH 6.6, T3 at pH 6.4, and T4 at pH 3.6 after 30 days. T1 treatment reduced heavy metal Cd by 80.16% after 30 days, while T2 of 55.46%. T3 of 65.83% and T4 of 2.31%. This indicates that the constructed wetland method, combined with biochar, is more effective in reducing sulfate and the heavy metal Cd in AMD, compared to using only biochar or wetland sediment treatment.
eISSN:2083-5906
ISSN:1230-1485
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