ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Application of Dual-Response Surface
Methodology and Radial Basis Function
Artificial Neural Network on Surrogate Model
of the Groundwater Flow
Numerical Simulation
Yanping Yi1,2, Wenxi Lu1, Defa Hong3, Hongchao Liu2, Lei Zhang2
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1College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
2Songliao Institute of Water Environment Science, Songliao River Basin Water Resources Protection Bureau,
Changchun 130021, China
3Changchun Institute of Urban Planning and Design, Changchun 130033, China
Submission date: 2016-12-12
Final revision date: 2017-02-06
Acceptance date: 2017-02-07
Online publication date: 2017-06-22
Publication date: 2017-07-25
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2017;26(4):1835-1845
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ABSTRACT
The surrogate model is an effective way to connect the simulation and optimization models in groundwater
flow numerical modeling; it could overcome the limitations of embedding and calling simulation models
in the optimization model by conventional methods, which greatly reduces the computational load caused
by directly calling the simulation model in the solving process of the optimization model. In this paper, the
dual-response surface method and radial basis function artificial neural network method were applied to
establish the surrogate model of groundwater flow numerical simulation in Jinquan Industrial Park, Inner
Mongolia, China. The Latin hypercube sampling method was used to determine random pumping load of
the five pumping wells, which were taken as the input data groundwater flow numerical simulation model
for calculating 10 observation wells drawdown data sets (output data sets). Based on the input and output
data sets, the dual-response surface method and radial basis function artificial neural network method were
used to establish the surrogate model of groundwater simulation model, and the validity of surrogate models
were comparatively tested. The results showed that both the results of two surrogate models fit well with the
results of the simulation model, which indicates that two surrogate models were capable of approaching the
groundwater flow numerical simulation model; compared with the dual response surface model, the RBF
neural network model had more advantages in terms of sample size requirements, fitting the accuracy of
simulation results.