The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is an important ecological security barrier in China. Considering the rich local waste biomass with a single treatment method and low level of resource utilization, biochar utilization of solid waste biomass can be carried out based on the research that biochar has abundant material sources. According to the application methods of various types of solid waste resources that have not been carried out, this review analyzes and discusses various types of waste biomass resources in the plateau region, such as sewage plant sludge, food waste, green leaves, barley straw, yak manure, and the unique Tibetan tea and Tibetan medicine residue waste, and reviews the biochar methods and applications for similar raw materials at home and abroad. Further, the technical outlook of solar pyrolysis technology and UV radiation modification technology and the development of hybrid pyrolysis to enhance the performance of biochar materials and heavy metal passivation are proposed by utilizing the solar energy resources of the Tibetan Plateau. Collectively, it provides a reference for prevention and restoration methods for the fragile ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, reduces the pressure of waste disposal in the region, and realizes the resource utilization of waste.