It is only a matter of time for when fossil fuels will not be accessible at low cost, which is the major reason why it is obligatory for researchers to find an alternative feedstock to replace the currently stable position of fossil fuels in the world. The objective of this study was to review the potential of green microalgae Acutodesmus dimorphus (Turpin) P. Tsarenko, which can become the replacement for the commonly used raw materials for anaerobic digestion. Recent scientific focus has targeted the research of alternative renewable energy sources. Green microalgae are the alternative raw material for generating bioenergy due to high photosynthetic efficiency. Many modern solutions for cultivation systems of microalgae, maintenance, and harvesting techniques are currently under development all over the world. It is necessary to find the proper technology for algae cultivation and that will deal with all environmental and economic issues. The innovative process can provide the prerequisite scale for increasing commercial use of bioenergy from microalgae. The interim research results presented in this study show that microalgae are a suitable alternative material for biogas production in the method of anaerobic fermentation.