The existing waste management system in the Republic of Moldova is still in a developing stage and it faces some serious problems. Therefore, this research focuses on examination the waste management situation in Moldovan rural and urban areas. It describes challenges connected to Moldovan waste management such as unauthorized landfills, illegal dumps or insufficient public services. However, the main focus is given to comparing waste management features between Moldovan urban and rural areas. For the purpose of such a comparison, a questionnaire survey about waste management characterization was run in the capital city, Chisinau, and a rural village, Vorniceni, for comparison. There were 98 respondents of this quantitative research in total. The survey results show substantial differences between waste management in Chisinau and Vorniceni. Even though the capital city has functional public service for waste collection, there are still issues regarding waste sorting. On the other hand, Moldovan rural areas often suffer from lack of any waste management at all. Specifically, Vorniceni currently has no public service of waste management, so that village residents rely on their own waste transport to nearby dumps and there are no possibilities of waste sorting and recycling.