ORIGINAL RESEARCH
A GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Landfill
Site Selection in Lahore, Pakistan
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1
Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Lahore School of Economics, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
2
Center for Geographic Information Systems, University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
3
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Shi, China
Submission date: 2018-06-05
Final revision date: 2018-09-10
Acceptance date: 2018-09-16
Online publication date: 2019-12-16
Publication date: 2020-02-13
Corresponding author
Muhammad Nawaz Chaudhry
Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Lahore School of Economics, Barki Rd, Sector P Phase 7, Lahore, 53200 Lahore, Pakistan
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2020;29(2):1511-1521
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ABSTRACT
In Pakistan, solid waste management (SWM) is considered to be a serious problem, with most
of the hazardousand non-hazardous waste being dumped in landfills without any segregation.
The key objective of our research was to select a suitable landfill site that is environmentally
sound, economically feasible and socially acceptable for metropolitan Lahore. Lahore District is
located in one of the world’s largest fluvial plains, namely the Indo-Gangetic meandering rivers
system plain. There is only one functional landfill site situated in the northern part of the city.
Multi-criteria decision aid (MCDA) and geographical information system were combined and
used in this research that blends two aggregation methods: weight linear combination (WCL)
and assigning criteria weights. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) pair-wise comparison
method was applied for assigning weights to the 9 delineated criteria. The result of the analysis
show that 7 (6.26% highly suitable) possible sites are available that are greater than 50 ha
in area. The selected potential landfill locations were contrasted with each other in connection to
their land size, distance from nearby settlements and from the city center. The result shows that site
number 6, with a weight of 0.22 (22.21%), is the most suitable location for a landfill site in Lahore.
In addition, landfill site 4 is considered the least preferable site due to its weight. This site has the least
environmental and social impacts, as it is at a reasonable distance from settlements and is at the same
time comparatively closer to the city center. This study highlights the importance of the landfill siting
process for the fluvial plain and helps in decision making.