INVITED ARTICLE
Carbon Changes in Environment, from Total
Organic Carbon to Soil Organic Matter
Przemysław Kosobucki, Bogusław Buszewski
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Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry,
Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2011;20(1):9-14
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Composition of wastewater is complicated. It is rich in micro- and macroelements, plus many carbon
species. During wastewater treatment carbon changes chemical form and creates sewage sludge as a by-product.
Sewage sludge is rich in nutrients and organic compounds, and possesses a potential soil-forming value.
Hence it can improve soil properties, especially when applied to poor sandy soils or sludge. The last part of
carbon changes occur in soil when organic matter is produced across specialized microorganisms. The aim of
our current work is to present the main carbon fractions in three environmental matrices: wastewater, sewage
sludge, and soil.